Tense Chart with Rules and Formula in Hindi
Tense chart includes type, rules, formula and examples that will help you in easily remembering all the rules and formulas.
Tense Types and Structure :
Tense (टेन्स) या जिन्हें हम हिंदी भाषा में काल / समय कहते हैं यह मुख्य रूप से तीन प्रकार के होते है|
- Present Tense (वर्तमान काल)
- Past Tense (भूत काल)
- Future Tense (भविष्य काल)
इन तीन काल /टेन्स को 4 भागों में बांटा गया है।
- Simple (Indefinite)
- Continuous
- Perfect
- Perfect Continuous
Complete Tense Structure :
- Present Tense (वर्तमान काल) (समय जो अभी चल रहा है )
- Past Tense (भूत काल) (समय जो जा चुका है/घटित हो चुका है)
- Future Tense (भविष्य काल) (समय जो आएगा)
Tense Chart with Rules and Examples :
| Tense | Present Tense | Past Tense | Future Tense |
| Indefinite | ता है,ती है,ते हैं | ता था,ती थे, ते थे | गा, गी, गे |
| Verb 1st form, Do / Does | Verb 2nd form, Did | Verb 1st form, Shall / Will | |
| Continuous | रहा है,रही है,रहे हैं | रहा था,रही थी,रहे थे | रहा होगा,रही होगी,रहे होंगे |
| Is / Am / Are, Verb 1st form+ ing | Was / Were, Verb 1st form+ ing | Shall be / Will be, Verb 1st form+ ing | |
| Perfect | चुका है,चुकी है,चुके हैं | चुका था, चुकी थी, चुके थे | चुका होगा,चुकी होगी,चुके होंगे |
| Verb 3rd form, Has / Have | Verb 3rd form, Had | Verb 3rd Form, Shall have / Will have | |
| Perfect Continuous | रहा हैं + time… | रहा था + time… | रहा होगा + time… |
| Has/Have + Been, Verb 1st form +ing | Had Been, Verb 1st form +ing | Will/Shall + Have Been, Verb 1st form +ing |
Study the following table of tenses of the verb ‘to go‘ examples…..
| Tense | Present | Past | Future |
| Indefinite | I go | I went | I shall go |
| Continuous | I am going | I was going | I shall be going |
| Perfect | I have gone | I had gone | I shall have gone |
| Perfect Continuous | I have been going | I had been going | I shall have been going |
Singular & Plural :
| Person | Singular | Plural |
| 1st Person | I | We |
| 2nd Person | – | You |
| 3rd Person | He, She, This, That, It, Singular Noun, Singular Pronoun | They, These, Those, Plural Noun, Plural Pronoun |
Auxiliary Verbs
| Auxiliary Verbs | Present | Past | Future |
| BE (होना) | Is/Am/Are | Was/Were | Will be |
| DO (करना) | Do/Does | Did | Will do |
| HAVE (पास होना, कर चुका होना) | Has/Have | Had | Will have |
1. Indefinite Tense Chart and Rules:-
| Indefinite Tense | Formula, Rules and Examples |
| Present Indefinite | Subject + Verb 1st Form + [“s”/”es” with 3rd person singular sub.] + object (Affir.) I eat an apple. Ram goes to school daily |
| Subject + Do/Does + not + Verb 1st form + object. (Neg.) “Does” is use with Singular Subjects (He, She, It, Ram) “Do” is use with Plural Subjects (I, We, They, You) He does not eat an apple You do not bath daily | |
| Do/Does + Sub + Verb 1st form + object?. (Int.) Does he eat an apple? | |
| Past Indefinite | Subject + Verb 2nd form + object (Affir.) I ate an apple. |
| Subject + did not + verb 1st form + object (Neg.) “Did” is use with both Singular and Plural Subject He did not eat an apple. | |
| Did + subject + verb 1st form + object ? (Int.) “Did” is use with both Singular and Plural Sub. Did he eat an apple? | |
| Future Indefinite | Subject + will/shall + Verb 1st form + object (Affir.) “Shall” is used with “I” and “We”. “Will” used with all other Person Ram will go to school tomorrow. |
| Subject + will / shall + not + v1st form + object (Neg.) Ram will not go to school tomorrow. | |
| Will/shall + subject + verb 1st form + object (Int.) Will Rajni sing a song? | |
2. Continuous Tense Chart and Rules:
| Continuous Tense | Rules and Examples |
| Present Continuous | Sub + is/am/ are + Verb’s 1st form + ing + object. (Affir.) I am eating an apple. |
| Sub + is/am/are +not+ Verb 1st form + ing + object (Neg.) I am not eating an apple. | |
| Is/am/are + sub + Verb 1st form + ing + object +? (Int.) Am I eating an apple? | |
| Past Continuous | Sub + was/were + Verb 1st form + ing + object (Affir.) “was” used with Singular Subjects. “were” used with Plural Subjects I were eating an apple. He was bathing |
| Sub + was/were + not + Verb 1st form + object (Neg.) They were not eating an apple. | |
| Was/were + sub + Verb 1st form + ing + object (Int.) Were they eating an apple? | |
| Future Continuous | Sub + will/shall + be + Verb 1st form + ing + object (Affir.) “Shall” is used with “I” and “We”. “Will” used with all other Person I shall be eating an apple. |
| Sub + will/shall + not + be + Verb 1st form + ing + object (Neg.) He will not be eating an apple. | |
| Will/shall + sub + be + Verb 1st form + ing + object + ? Will Ram be eating an apple? |
3. Perfect Tense Chart and Rules:
| Perfect Tense | Rules and Examples |
| Present Perfect | Sub + has/have + Verb 3rd form + object. (Affir.) “Has” used with Singular Subjects. “Have” used with Plural Subjects I have eaten an apple. He has done home work |
| Sub + has/have + not + Verb 3rd form + object (Neg.) I have not eaten an apple. | |
| Has / Have + sub + Verb 3rd form + object + ? (Int.) Has Ram eaten an apple? | |
| Past Perfect | Sub + had + Verb 3rd form + object (Affir.) “Had” is used with both Singular and Plural Subject I had eaten an apple. |
| Sub + had + not + Verb 3rd form + object (Neg.) I had not eaten an apple. | |
| Had + Sub + [not]+Verb 3rd form + object (Int.) Had they eaten an apple? | |
| Future Perfect | Subject + will have/shall have + Verb 3rd form + object (Affir.) I shall have eaten an apple. |
| Subject + will have/shall + not +have + Verb 3rd form + object (Neg.) I shall have not eaten an apple. | |
| Will/Shall +Subject + have + Verb 3rd form + object +? (Int.) Will they have eaten an apple? |
4. Perfect Continuous Tense Chart and Rules:
| Perfect Continu. Tense | Rules and Examples |
| Present Perfect Continuous | sub + has/have + been + Verb 1st form + ing + since / for object. (Affir.) I have been eating an apple since morning. |
| Sub + Has / have + not + been + Verb 1st form + ing + since/for + object (Neg.) I have not been eating an apple since morning. | |
| Has/have + sub + been + Verb 1st form + ing + since/for + object +? (Int.) Has he been praying since morning? | |
| Past Perfect Continuous | Sub + had + been + Verb 1st form+ ing + since / for + object (Affir.) I had been eating an apple since morning. |
| Sub + had + not been + Verb 1st form+ ing + since / for object (Neg.) I had not been eating an apple since morning. | |
| Had + sub + been + Verb 1st form+ ing + since / for + object? (Int.) Had Raghav been completing his work since Monday? | |
| Future Perfect Continuous | Sub + will/shall + have + been + Verb 1st form +ing + since / for + object. (Affir.) She will have been bathing for two hours. |
| Sub + will/shall + not + have + been + Verb 1st form + ing + since/for object (Neg.) She will not have been bathing for two hours. | |
| Will/shall + sub + have + been + Verb 1st form + ing + since / for object + ? (Int.) Will you not have been sleeping since morning? |